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Home >> Photography >> Film Equipment Bronica SQ-Ai System
Introduction I bought into medium format for a few reasons. The main ones not in any particular order:
The decision making process started with trying to decide which medium format SLR size I would buy into, 645, 6x6 or 6x7, discounting the even larger and less standard 6x8, 6x9 et al. I took some ideas and inspiration from some of the wedding and portrait professionals I had come across or read about. Most used the 6x6 format for the compromise in a good-sized negative and being able to dispense with having to tilt the camera for verticals. I decided to follow suit and go with convention on the size issue and decided upon 6x6. Now I needed to decide which company to buy into. I’m no Philip Greenspun with reams of money flowing out of my Ivy League pockets so overall costs was a major factor in my decision making. Rollei never entered into the picture because they simply aren’t a presence on the West Coast of Canada where I live. It basically came down to Hasselblad or Bronica and as I was going over the prices of both systems it became a perverse experience to realize how poor I was/am. The price of admission into the rarified world of Hasselblad was a humbling experience. Even though the entry-level prices were actually affordable for me, subsequent purchases of lenses and accessories would not be. So much so that Bronica became the only realistic choice for me to pursue. SQ-Ai body Your basic Bronica SQ-Ai kit will look remarkably similar to a Hasselblad, which was probably no accident, functionally and aesthetically. The Bronica SQ-Ai, more so then the other bodies in the Bronica lineup, as a Japanese Hasselblad is certainly apros pos. Incidentally, the other bodies of the 645 ETRSi and 6x7 GS-1, are respectively, basically smaller and larger versions of the SQ-Ai with slight differences in features. Buy one body and you’ll know exactly how to operate the other two bodies. The controls of the basic SQ-Ai body are simple. On the side of the body (right hand side as you look down at the viewfinder) with the film-winding crank there are two control levers and one release lever. One lever directly above the winding crank is for multiple exposures. Flip it down and the film won’t advance until the switch has been flipped up. The multiple exposure switch is also utilized when the Polaroid back is attached or for testing out the shutter action without film in a back. The lever to the front of the winding crank is for mirror lockup in either single exposure or continuous exposure shooting. The third control is a release lever for changing viewfinders and is located near the top edge of the body closest to the lens.
The other socket beside the threaded cable release socket is for the SCA 386 flash adapter. Buy this adapter and you will enjoy TTL-OTF (Off The Film plane) flash reading with Metz flashes. Sunpak and Quantum also make their own flash adapter compatible with their own line of flashes, which adds more flash versatility to the SQ-Ai system. The SCA 386 adapter is an expensive, puny little box with two coiled cords running out of it, one for the camera body and the other for the flash. The top of the box has an ISO dial that ranges from 25 to 1250 which means that if you’re silly enough to shoot ISO 800 film outdoors and want one stop under fill flash, you’re close but still SOL (Shit Out of Luck). Users should also note that the flash exposure is independent of any metered prism exposure values so one has to ensure that the shutter speed doesn’t go dangerously slow and show up hand shaking when in low ambient light conditions. The last control on this side of the body is the release button for the filmbacks and is located beside the SCA socket. The front of the body has the shutter release button with lock mode on the lower left corner of the body as you view it from the front. Diagonally opposite to the shutter release button is the PC Sync socket – the joys of having an electronically controlled shutter means not having PC cords inconveniently connecting to your lens. The back of the body has no controls or features save for the slots for the film back hooks. The under side of the body is spare with the standard tripod socket, motor drive pin sockets and the battery compartment. The SQ-Ai is an electronically controlled body and requires juice to run although it does have a "life-saver" default shutter speed of 1/500 should the juice run dry. The batteries required are four 1.5volt LR44 types which are at least commonly available in most drugstores should you run dry in Hicksville, Canada or USA. Add the motor drive though and you can dispense with the annoying little cells as the six AA sized batteries in the motor drive will power the camera as well as any attached metered-prism. SQ-i Motor Drive What I never got use to though was the lack of ergonomic handling of a basic 6x6 Bronica or Hasselblad. I despise the winding crank and find the bottom oriented shutter release button to be awkward. I find it more comfortable to turn the body on its side to orient the release on top again (using a prism finder of course). This awkwardness prompted me to purchase the SQ-i Motor Drive right from the start and I don’t regret the decision despite the relatively high cost for the blistering 0.7 frames per second winding speed. The motor drive makes the SQ-Ai as close to a modern 35mm body as I can get for ease of use and handling. It of course adds bulk and weight to the body but the ergonomics of the motorized SQ-Ai make up for it and I don’t have difficulty fitting it into my Lowepro Street and Field Reporter 400 (my bag of choice for street shooting) along with a number of other accessories. Bronica also makes a Speed Grip accessory for their bodies that looks like a motor drive but works like a manual 35mm camera with a film winding crank for your thumb. A more convenient shutter release and hot shoe mount are also provided on the Speed Grip. The motor drive comes with a nice hand-strap that adds greater stability and security when hand holding the kit. The top of the motor drive from front to back is equipped with the obvious shutter release button, a hotshoe, a film winding button and power on/off dial that also selects either single or continuous shooting mode. The main handle section is covered with a rubberized material to provide better grip. For as much as it costs the motor drive smacks of cheesiness in the amount of plastic used in its manufacture and I do wish that Bronica had provided better fit and finish to this accessory. There are other aspects of the motor drive build that give me some concern as well but I’ll have more to say about that in the Caveats section. For now though, the motor drive is functional and serves exactly the purpose I bought it for, that is greater comfort and easier transition from 35mm to medium format.
View
Finders The SQ-i prism is large and moderately heavy due to the amount of glass in its front structure. Despite the gross amount of plastic used to lighten the prism finder when mounted onto the SQ-Ai body, the whole kit with motor drive becomes a bit of a brute to heft for handholding at a combined weight of 5½lbs with an 80mm lens attached. The SQ-i prism adds a number of features to make life easier for the non-manual type of photographer. Besides the obvious advantage of a laterally correct image the prism adds a full viewfinder area averaging meter and a spot meter. Aperture Priority auto exposure is also available as well as a metered manual mode in which the meter provides you with a meter reading that you can disregard as you maintain full exposure control. When in Aperture Priority mode the prism takes over the shutter speed and any speed set on the body’s manual dial is disengaged. Shutter speeds available are from 32 to 1/500 of a second in 1/12 increments in AE mode and the same as that on the body in manual mode; B, 16 to 1/500. An exposure lock is available in which the meter will keep a set exposure value for one minute or until the shutter release button has been pushed or the memory lock has been cleared. Exposure compensation is available up to +/- two stops in 1/3 increments. This exposure compensation dial is independent of the exposure compensation dial on the SQ-i film backs so when combined, exposure compensation of up to +/- four stops can be had. A viewfinder shutter and diopter control from –2.5 to +0.5 round out the features of the SQ-i prism finder. Controls and layout are straightforward and right-hand oriented. The right side of the prism has the power on dial that the user sets to either Aperture Priority or Metered Manual mode. Above the power-on dial and towards the middle of the prism are two buttons, one labeled M for exposure memory lock and the other C for clearing memory lock. The top of the prism has the exposure compensation dial, which requires the user to depress a small button in the center of the dial to rotate it to the desired compensation value. Beside this dial is a switch to select either averaging metering or spot metering. The rear of the prism where the viewfinder eyepiece is has the diopter dial on the right side of the eyepiece and viewfinder shutter lever to the left of the eyepiece. The prism also comes with two rubber eyecups, one small and one slightly larger. I find neither to be satisfactory and wish that Bronica would produce an eyecup that is of similar design to those available for Hasselblad users; that is larger and more comfortable. When looking through the prism finder, a small LCD readout provides a few basic pieces of information. From left to right, the user will see either AE or M depending upon which mode of operation has been set, AE for Aperture Priority and M for Manual mode. When exposure lock is engaged an L will be added to AE and stay locked for one minute or until the shutter has been release or the lock is cleared. Next in the LCD information is the shutter speed. There is no aperture value readout, which is a shame and obviously requires the user to take the eye away from the eyepiece to confirm the aperture setting. The shutter speed indicator will flash when outside of the 1/500 limit ability of the camera. Beside the shutter speed is the type of meter chosen. A rectangular outline indicates averaging mode and a black dot indicated spot meter mode. Lastly, a simple + or – will be lit up to indicate any exposure compensation dialed in. In low ambient light conditions the LCD will be backlit by a lime green light similar to the Nikon F90x’s LCD. A multiple exposure indicator is also visible when engaged but this is a mechanical indicator built into the body and can be seen with all view finder options. SQ-i
Film Backs (rollfilm and Polaroid) The standard 120 film back is non-excitingly functional in its layout and use. As with all medium format SLRs with removable film backs, a dark slide has to be utilized for mounting or dismounting a film back from the body. The Bronica film backs suffer from a problem that plagued most other medium format manufacturers, what to do with the dark slide. The companies have come around to the wishes of its users and have come up with storage slots on the film backs (Mamiya) or an internal engage or disengage solution (Rollei) to the dark slide problem. Even Hasselblad has addressed this issue in their most recent film back designs. Bronica has yet to provide such conveniences for its users, as the current SQ-Ai system is now a relatively old update of the old SQ system of the 1980s. Bronica may come up with a redesign of the backs to allow for storage within the back in its next incarnation of the SQ design but for now, users have to put the dark slide in a place of there own choosing that will be readily available when the need for changing backs on the fly is required. The dark slide is not that much of an issue for Bronica users changing over completed rolls of film since the inserts are interchangeable with the shells. The film back compromises of two parts, the shell and insert and 120 and 220 inserts can be exchanged at will with no need to match shells and inserts by serial numbers. As mentioned earlier, the Bronica film backs are straightforward in design with little in the way of frivolous features or controls. Two levers on top of the back will disengage the insert from the shell when pressed inwards together. Also on top of the back are two gold plated pins that connect to a metered prism to send ISO data to the meter. The rear of the film back has a dual ISO and exposure compensation dial. The inner ring of the dial allows the user to set the ISO from 25 to 6400 while the other ring of the dial provides +/- two stops of compensation independently of the metered prism. The exposure compensation is of course just a temporary fooling of the ISO of the film to obtain the desired result. Beside the dial is a slot for storing a piece of the pro-pack film box so that you know what film is loaded in the back.
The film loading procedure is actually far easier in reality then I can describe it in writing and I find it faster to load then a typical manual 35mm body. Fuji’s film spools with the little hook to catch the paper on the take up spool are a great boon to speeding up and securing the film. Kodak et al, take note and do likewise with your roll film spools. I also have a Polaroid back for instant images. I won’t describe the loading procedures, as that would be tedious so only a few general notes and observations will be mentioned. Instant imaging is of course a great necessity and assistance when dealing with complex exposure situations. The downside though is the smallish usable image that one receives. The instant film print is able to provide a near 3x4-inch image but 6x6 users will get a 2¼x 2¼ inch image instead, which of course is the size of an individual negative or transparency. The Bronica Polaroid back comes with a dark slide but this dark slide is not required for mounting or dismounting of the back, only for shielding the film from light. The Polaroid back also requires that the camera’s multiple exposure lever be engaged for proper operation. The film-winding crank or motor drive would simply cock the shutter for the next instant exposure, as there is no film to be wound forward. In my time using the Polaroid back, I came across one fit and finish issue that would present problems when I wasn’t vigilant with it. I would mount the back onto the camera and appearance would appear to be that the back is fully engaged but if I neglect to push down on the lower section of the back to engage with the body’s lower slots then I would get ruined exposures as light would leak onto the print. All Bronica backs engage onto the camera the same way. The top hooks are inserted first and then the bottom hooks are pushed in and a click is heard to confirm engagement. The Polaroid back is the same and when the bottom hooks are pushed in a click is also heard BUT another push is required with another click heard before the Polaroid back is actually properly engaged. Without this second click you either get light leaks or a non-functioning camera. Trying to disengage the back is also problematic when not properly engaged. I thought I had a defective Polaroid back when I discovered this problem but subsequent experiences with it lead me to believe that it is more of a quality control issue that Bronica should deal with. PS Lenses and Accessories Since the time I wrote this review, I have learned of some Schneider made zoom lenses for the SQ series bodies. These lenses appear to be the same as the zooms currently available for Hasselblad and Rollei bodies. Even used though they are not cheap and will cost a couple of US K bills each from a place like KEH. If I were stinking rich I wouldn't hesistate to buy them just for the hell of it. There is even rumour of a Tilt/Shift lens Schneider produced for the SQ bodies besides the one they made for the ETRS bodies - if true then this lens would be rarer than a Faberge Egg probably almost as expensive. Bronica emphasizes the quality of its current lenses and from what I can gather of users’ opinions on the newsgroups and mailing lists; Zenzanon lenses are quite good and compare well to the more expensive German-made lenses from Zeiss and Schneider. The SQ-Ai’s line of lenses is known as the PS series. These lenses were developed in the mid 1980s after Bronica had revamped the PG series of lenses for the 6x7 GS-1 body in 1983. They found the results to be noticeably superior to previous lenses and began to revamp the lenses for the SQ and ETRS bodies. Although the SQ-A body was not upgraded to the SQ-Ai until 1990, the PS lenses had been in production since 1986. Note to those who may have read the review at Photonet and Focal Fix Online, I incorrectly stated the date for the PS lenses as 1996, a full decade after the PS lenses had actually been introduced. Speculation has most of the improvements in the current PS series over the previous S series lenses to be an improved multi coating process of the lens elements. There had been some concerns regarding the buyout of Bronica by Tamron and what that might mean for the quality of future lens designs. To date there have been seven new lenses introduced for all three Bronica bodies that have been a direct result of Tamron engineering. Two sexy zoom lenses, a fisheye and a macro lens have been introduced for the ETRSi while a 35mm f3.5 fisheye and 110mm f4.5 1:1 macro lens have been introduced for SQ-Ai users. The macro lens is very intriguing, as it is a true 1:1 macro range instead of the previous 1:4 limit of the older 110mm lens. So as far as I can determine now the Tamron buyout has been for Bronica and its users a boon as more interesting and very high quality lenses are slowly being introduced. At present I only have two lenses, an 80mm f2.8 normal lens and the classic 6x6 medium format portrait lens of 150mm f4. Finances forced me to forego the 50mm f3.5 lens at time of purchase of the main kit and it has become my biggest purchase priority for the kit. I won’t feel entirely well equipped until I have the wide-angle lens as well as the macro and a 250mm f5.6 telephoto lens in my arsenal. I have already had a few shoots where a wider and longer perspective would have helped me capture better and more interesting shots. The occasional wedding I'm asked to shoot can be a bit restrictive with only an 80mm perspective for group shots, as I often don’t have the room to backup to capture very large groups. I don’t think I really need the 50mm for group shots. A 65mm f4 lens would probably be comfortable enough but since I like taking landscapes too, a 40mm f3.5 lens would be the more interesting perspective. Trouble is I can’t afford both lenses so the 50mm lens has become the compromise choice. I have since added both the 40mm and 50mm wide angle lenses to my kit and now hope to scrounge enough money someday to buy the 110mm Macro and the 250mm telephoto lenses. I would even consider buying a used 500mm S series lens since they seem quite reasonably priced compared to the new PS series 500mm lens. I haven’t worried much about the quality of the lenses, as I trust Tamron/Bronica to produce acceptable samples. I do admit to wondering what it would be like to taste the fruits of German designed and manufactured lenses but the cost of admission keeps those desires in check. I’ve found the quality of the Zenzanon lenses to be quite good from the enlargements I have had done to date. One 16x20 inch print from a Kodak Portra 160NC negative of some friends in a wedding pose was shot at f2.8 to blow out the distracting background. When I saw the original 5x5 print I knew that I had a good shot and wanted to use it as an example to show others what could be done with my Bronica kit. I ordered 5x7, 8x10, 11x14 and 16x20 prints to round out a suitable example presentation. In the back of my mind I worried about what the f2.8 aperture would do for sharpness and clarity in the larger sizes but the 16x20 holds up remarkably well given the aperture value. Another shot of the same couple was enlarged to 20x24 for their personal display. This was another shot that gave me some concern about the quality of the enlarged print as we had to discard much of the negative in order to enlarge just the central portion of it. I needn’t have worried as the 20x24 print showed enough detail to see which person had the whiter teeth. My experience to date gives me no concern about the quality of Bronica lenses. They are indeed sharp with good color and contrast and taking care of the other technical incidentals such as using a good tripod, cable release and locking up the mirror will produce excellent enlargements. Of course this is true of most other medium format lens lines. The lenses are perhaps the best built of any Bronica product. Solid and with good heft to them, they inspire the kind of confidence that only metal build can provide. The lenses attach via a four claw bayonet mount and rotate on and focus in the same direction as my Nikkor lenses so there wasn’t a need to adapt for focus direction. The body and lenses have six gold contacts for the passing of information and control. Most of the PS lenses have 67mm filter threads but a few of the more unique or larger lenses have larger threads such as the fisheye, macro and 500mm super telephoto lenses. A bayonet mount is used for attaching dedicated lens hoods. Although the SQ-Ai has a bulb mode on its shutter speed dial, users can utilize the Timer switch on the lenses to conserve battery power. This lever is a manual control located at the front, bottom of the lens and is a slide switch. The slide switch is tricky enough that a piece of black cardboard or lens cap should be used to close up the exposure before fiddling with the Timer switch to avoid blurring or shaking. I should note here that buyers of the SQ-b kit (a stripped down SQ-Ai) will be missing this Timer switch on their ‘B’ lens and their B body will only go up to 8 seconds on the shutter speed dial with no Bulb mode. The B body is also lacking contacts for metered prisms, TTL flash capability, and the B film back has no ISO dial as it also lacks contacts to mate with metered prisms. All current PS lenses allow for half stop increment changes from the aperture dial, which is located near the front of the lens. The focus ring that is perhaps a bit narrow is covered with a textured rubber material for better grip. Standard depth of field notations are easily read and a depth of field preview switch is located near the front, left side of the lenses. Note that Bronica warns not to use Depth of Field Preview and changing the aperture at the same time. Putting
it all together (handling and use) Having the SQ-i Prism Finder and motor drive greatly facilitates the rare occasions that I do use the Bronica for candids but mostly the two major accessories come into their own for some street shooting that I try and do every now and then. Lugging a large tripod on the busy streets of Vancouver is not exactly conducive to grab shots so handholding is the obvious way to go. The accessorized SQ-Ai will get a few stares from passers by as it is large but since most people have little idea of what a medium format camera actually is, I’m quite certain that most of the people who see me take me for a Japanese tourist with a camcorder. For tripod mounted shooting, the motor drive does seem a bit frivolous and a bit lazy on my part for not manually advancing the film since it is so quick and easy but given how much I spent on the accessory and some of the trouble I’ve had with it there isn’t a bloody chance that I won’t use the motor for all of my shooting. As I mentioned previously, I found the waist level finder to be awkward, especially for handholding. On the tripod though it comes into its own and is far more valuable to me then my seven-times as expensive prism finder. The pop-up magnifier is the real key as it allows me to focus properly and critically. What I would find to be absolutely perfect though is a 45 degree finder with a laterally correct image and a 3-5X magnifier that can be engaged when needed. I find the 45 degree way of viewing to be very natural and comfortable but unfortunately Bronica’s 45D finder does not have a magnifier. There is hope for me yet though as Brightscreen makes an accessory magnifier that will adapt to various finders from several medium format companies. The cost is a bit steep though at $400 US (remember I’m from Canada where the current exchange rate requires that I add 50% more to every US $).
This is subjective and my opinions and findings may differ greatly from other users. For some a custom focusing screen is a Godsend but for me, I found the $240 price tag to be grossly overpriced and not up to the hype of the Brightscreen promotions. The differences were subtle and hardly night and day that Brightscreen seems to imply. I could discern little difference in light transmission and only very small changes in contrast from the visible concentric circles of the screen. If I had a chance to do it again I wouldn’t and would rather put the money towards a 45D prism or film back or just about anything else besides a custom-focusing screen. The SQ-i Prism Finder is fairly accurate as far as reflected meters are concerned. Comparing it to the spot meter in my F90x and testing via a Kodak grey card found the two to be so close that they were essentially identical. I also used my Sekonic 508 in spot meter mode as reference and found it to be virtually identical as well. But in incident mode, all of the spot meters were about ½ stop underexposed in comparison. In the field, the SQ-Ai kit is functional and performs its duties in workmanlike manner, just like my Nikon F90x. No frills or gimmicks and equipped with the features necessary to get sharp images. All the functions are easily accessible and with the motor drive handling the film winding and shutter cocking for me, changing filmbacks on the fly is a snap (provided of course you have your dark slide handy). The Bronica bodies require that the shutter be cocked before a lens can be dismounted. My brief moments using the camera sans motor drive required me to think a bit more to remember certain manual steps. Steps that become second nature for those without motor drives and ones that I could easily get use to but since I don’t have to, I don’t worry about them. In other words the motor drive is my most important accessory, so much so I don’t remove it from the body whatever the type of shoot. Changing styles Medium format is of course more expensive. One roll of 120 Velvia (film and processing) is going to cost me the same as one roll of 35mm format and of course I only get 12 frames versus 36 frames. I try to make sure what I shoot with the SQ-Ai has something to it. Whether or not I succeed is another matter but I try harder with the medium format kit instead of going through the motions, as I sometimes tend to do with the 35mm kit. If slowing down and doing most things manually helps to make me a better photographer then I’m all for it. Caveats I, like many other people, consider the lenses to be the most important factor in putting together a photo kit. The cost and quality of the Zenzanon lenses vis a vis Zeiss/Schneider was a major factor in my going with Bronica and for the most part Bronica has a well-rounded selection of lenses and accessories available for the SQ-Ai. I do however, miss the opportunity to eventually pick up a tilt/shift lens or adapter for the SQ-Ai. Bronica does not have either available for any of their bodies whereas all of their major competitors do. Even third party manufacturers that make tilt/shift adapters for Hasselblad, Mamiya or Pentax do not make them for Bronica. I’m hopeful that Tamron will address this issue in due time. Plastic. Too much of it seems to have made its way into the build of the Bronica bodies and accessories but thankfully, not the lenses. I know that plastic helps to reduce weight and costs over heavier metal construction but I have tiny nagging concerns for long term quality and durability. I have already had an incident with the motor drive regarding the use of plastic in an inappropriate place. The hot shoe of my motor drive failed to fire off my flashes during the summer of ‘99 and I sent it back to the distributor for warranty repair. The cause of the problem was a damaged base locating pin that helps to couple the motor and camera near the gold contact pins. Instead of having a warranty repair done I ended up having to pay for a replacement part and horrific labor costs as the distributor stated that only user error could cause the damage. The damaged part is a plastic piece and most certainly should not be made out of such material in a relatively critical juncture of the motor and body coupling. I was of course quite annoyed that I would have to pay for the cost of a part that is just asking to be damaged through normal mounting and dismounting, which doesn’t speak well of Bronica’s warranty policy and empathy for its users. Plastic is abundant on all the other parts and accessories from the expensive prism finder to the film backs to the exterior body covering. I concluded that such materials help to make Bronica products very price competitive with Hasselblad and Rollei but I feel like I’m carrying the equivalent of a top consumer level 35mm SLR such as a Nikon F90x instead of a more robust, pro-oriented Nikon F5. In reality, I don’t think I have much to be concerned about but a more metallic build would provide greater ease of mind and more pride of ownership. The plastic build issue has come up recently for the Contax 645AF. Most of its users do not feel that the plastic is a detriment to the quality of the camera so I guess I shouldn’t feel like I’m slumming it with my SQ-Ai when even Zeiss/Contax users have to deal with it at a much higher cost. Film back failures. Perhaps related to the plastic build is the rather notorious reputation for Bronica film backs to fail in very quick order, say five or so years compared to the twenty plus that Hasselblad users crow about. I think both claims are over rated but it is another thing that is in the back of my mind as a number of users have reported on filmback failures on the medium format newsgroups or mailing lists. From what I can see of the Bronica filmbacks though, aside from a high enough catastrophic drop onto solid rock that would crack the plastic the only thing I can see failing over time is the black foam and felt used to keep light from leaking in and the pressure spring to keep the film flat. Even Hasselblad users can’t escape this type of eventual failure or need for timely maintenance. Bronica’s 220 backs are also reputed to be faulty as far as light leaks and improper frame spacing is concerned. I have on occasion seen light leaks and improper spacing on 220 lengths of film but on those occasions it was due to my not winding the paper leader tight enough on the take up spool (the risks you take when you load film on a rush basis). Only the first few frames would exhibit the leaks and spacing problems while the rest of the roll would be fine as the film wound tighter onto the take up spool. This however, is not a problem unique to Bronica 220 backs as most other companies’ 220 film backs suffer from similar problems. I’m still too new of a user to experience critical failure with my 120 and 220 film backs but since I do have a quirky Polaroid back I do give a tiny bit of credence to the user reports I have come across. Pricing policy. Although on an overall basis, Bronica is good value for the money compared to Hasselblad; there are inexplicable pricing points on some accessories. Extension tubes are outrageously priced even by Hasselblad standards. If I didn’t find my 36mm tube used and at half the price of new I wouldn’t have bothered to buy one new until much, much later. Film inserts are also overbearing in cost. A new insert is 2/3 of the cost of a full film back and it would seem quite silly to buy an insert when you’re already most of the way towards the cost of a full film back. Most other medium format companies make the insert very attractive in price to allow the user to purchase more inserts and pre-load them for quick film changes. I personally would not bother with buying accessory inserts to save a few bucks and would rather buy the full film back. If Bronica is to maintain its attractive pricing with its major competitors it should reconsider its more outrageously priced accessories. In its defense though, the lens prices are excellent in some regards to the Zeiss equivalent. Certain wide angle and macro lenses from Zeiss are double what the Zenzanon equivalent is. In that regard the pricing on some accessories is more palatable. Conclusion There is nothing pretentious about the Bronica SQ-Ai. It is an obvious copy of the venerable 500 series from Hasselblad but from what I know of and have heard about Hasselblad bodies, far less quirky and more straightforward in operation. No need to worry about jamming the shutter and requiring a special tool to fix the jam. It is battery powered so you’ll never be admonished for not regularly firing your lens shutters like Hasselblad users have to do with their 500 series bodies to keep the shutter from sticking due to their mechanical nature. The Bronica’s shutter speed will also always be more accurate thanks to the battery powered Seiko O shutter. In fact I think of the Bronica SQ-Ai as everything the Hasselblad 501/503 should be as far as operation is concerned. I know the users of the Swedish "Faberge Eggs" will sniff at that but aside from the Zeiss optics the superiority if which is not conclusive among today’s computer designed optics, I can see no real advantage to spending up to 50% more for the Swedish smorgasbord over Japanese sushi. I have full confidence that I will obtain excellent images from the SQ-Ai when I take care of the technical and aesthetic details that all serious photographer have to utilize no matter what the system. Solid tripod, cable release, mirror lockup, interesting subject and good composition in fine light. These factors, I feel, are far more relevant then the make of a camera system. I’m not a heavy user or abuser of photographic equipment and neither am I a long term user of the SQ-Ai so I can’t comment as to how it will fare after years or decades of use. Despite my misgivings with some of the plastic build and the reputation of Bronica filmbacks I think I’m going to have a very good relationship with my SQ-Ai. Phillip Greenspun asked if any camera system is worth $20,000 when he reviewed his Rollei 6008 system. Coincidentally enough, by the time I get to finish off my SQ-Ai kit to what I feel will be a well-rounded ensemble, the price will be about $20,000. Mind you that’s in Canadian funds so you’ll have to take the exchange rate into account but if and when I do succeed in getting that kit, yes, it will be worth it. Long Term Update - March, 2001 It has been just over two years since I bought my Bronica SQ-Ai system and it seemed fitting to provide a short update on the long-term use of the kit. In short, it has been excellent in usage and reliability. I admit to not being an overly harsh user or abuser of equipment and I try to do what I can to keep the equipment in good working order so keep in mind that my use of the Bronica is of an amateur enthusiast and not of hard and long using professional with day in and day out use. My original kit consisted of one body and two lenses with a few film backs and an AE prism finder. I have since added a second SQ-Ai body as well as two wide-angle lenses and a couple more 120-length film backs thanks to the purchase of a friend’s kit. I even had duplicates of the 80mm and 150mm lenses as well as an older AE prism and Speedgrip. These extra pieces that would not be used were sold off to KEH in Atlanta, Georgia for much more than I could have obtained in Canada due to the price discrepancies of Bronica equipment in the US and Canada. Other pieces added to the kit were the S-36 extension tube (36mm obviously) and the old S 2x teleconvertor, both bought used locally. I would still love to add a few more lenses to the kit such as the 110mm Macro lens, the 180mm telephoto and the 250mm telephoto and if money allowed and if I could find them, the two zoom lenses made by Schneider would a very intriguing if costly option. Be that as it may the four-lens kit with the two lens accessories provides me with fairly versatile coverage. The 40mm lens equates to about 25mm in 35mm format and the 150mm doubled up with the 2x TC provides a 300mm lens (but quite slow at an effective f8 aperture) which equates to about 180mm in 35mm format. The 80mm lens coupled with the 2x TC and S-36 tube provides 1:1 macro capability as the 2x TC mounted to the camera first will then double up the tube’s extension. Obviously there are limitations and speed concerns with both setups and tripod use is mandatory but it helps to minimize the absolute need for the 110mm and 250mm lenses. One quirk I’ve noticed in usage with the AE prism is that you cannot use the AE prism in normal Auto mode with mirror lockup. When using the AE prism normally you can enjoy Aperture Priority auto exposure and allow the prism to dictate the shutter speed with intermediate speeds not available manually. The problem with mirror lockup is that once the mirror is up and the prism no longer sees the subject prior to making an exposure the shutter speeds will be severely out of whack. The logical conclusion would be that the shutter speeds would overly long and over expose the scene but my practical use of the kit in such conditions have actually shown under exposure. The prism when confronted with a mirror lock up in AE mode seems to default to a very fast shutter speed no matter what the prism viewfinder readout states. How to work around this problem when using an AE prism with mirror lockup? Pretty simple actually, use your Memory feature on the prism to lock in the exposure value prior to mirror lockup. You now have a one minute time period to make the exposure based upon the pre-mirror up value. Why would this be of any use or consequence? One of the major benefits of TTL metering and automation is to get away from having to do mental gymnastics when doing macro photography with extension tubes and teleconvertors. I can’t tell you how many times I’ve taken a series of shots using my tube or teleconvertor and forgetting to compensate for the loss of speed because I prefer to use my waist level finder for greater focusing accuracy. Speaking of focusing accuracy I really wish Bronica would make a magnifier adapter for their prism finders similar to the adapter that Hasselblad users can enjoy the use of. My eye sight though not perfect by any means is also not so bad either but I still have out of focus shots whenever I use the prism finder as opposed to almost no out of focus shots when using the waist level finder and its popup magnifier. As I grow older my eyes will become worse and using a non-magnifying prism finder is going to be a bitch. Brightscreen is a third party maker of prism finder magnifier adapters for many makes of medium format cameras but their adapter is bloody expensive at around $360 US and that translates into a $600 CAN accessory for me in the Great White North. It is an amount that I don’t particularly wish to spend on such a product at this time as I would rather spend the money towards another lens or needed accessory. Film backs have been known as the Achilles Heel for Bronica as many users report failure of Bronica film backs after a few years of hard use. I have not had any problems with any of my film backs but again neither am I putting dozens of rolls of film through them day in and day out or even week in and week out. Two of my 120 film backs date from the early 1990s (the time when my friend Birt bought his kit) and these film backs are still going strong and would certainly have seen much more usage than my newer film backs from 1999. All in all I’ve been a very satisfied user of the Bronica SQ-Ai and my used SQ-Ai body is working beautifully and is often the one I reach for when doing some general shots. My original SQ-Ai is essentially permanently latched to my motor drive and is used for certain types of shots in which I prefer some automation of functions. One interesting aspect about the motor drive is that when the batteries are quite low in power and the shooting angle is well off from level, the motor drive is not able to drive the film forward after an exposure has been made. Obvious fix is to change the batteries. The motor drive also induces noticeable vibration as it winds the film forward after an exposure. When the motorized camera is mounted on a tripod and I’m using the cable release I can see the whole kit jiggle but this occurs AFTER the exposure has been made so it would not affect the sharpness of the image on film. The Bronica kit has become the preferred kit to use for general photography over my Nikon F100 based kit because of my dalliance with the digital darkroom process and my low-resolution Epson 1200U scanner requires every last measure of quality for film scanning. 6x6 sized chromes and negatives scanned at 1200 dpi provide me with a 8x10 size print at 240 dpi printer output (or a 8x8 at 300 dpi printer output). It has been very gratifying to be able to print off my chromes with my editing choices and medium format sized film is the way to go so long as the 1200U remains my only scanner option. 35mm slides are just too small for meaningful prints in my system setup and the fact that the 1200U is s flatbed adapted to film scanning means low fidelity scanning of minute details and shadow information. A Nikon Super Coolscan 8000 ED multi-film format scanner would change that but medium format sized films would still be king. A Zeiss Aside Any pangs for the Hasselblad kit I eschewed way back in the beginning of 1999? No and I have an observation to make about the supposed sharpness of Zeiss lenses. On the Medium Format Digest there is a Zeiss employee who participates and contributes to the general knowledge of the medium format community and this is a good thing. I wish more equipment companies would have representatives participate on moderated forums. So I have nothing against the person contributing but often times the Zeiss employee comments on how many line pairs per millimeter various Zeiss lenses are capable of with the finest grain films such as Fuji Velvia and Provia F. The Zeiss employee often quotes figures in the hundreds of line pairs per mm and most people probably read those figures and wonder how the heck can that be possible. Recently, some people asked how he could obtain such high resolution with commonly available films. His answer seemed incredulous to me as he mentioned the use of a massive video tripod and head that probably cost more than most people’s Hasselblad kits and of the stringent, almost lab controlled environment required to minimize vibration. His comments did not equate to real world shooting conditions and I very much doubt anyone using whichever kit (Hasselblad, Bronica, Mamiya or any other company’s offerings) would be able to achieve such success using regular and commonly obtained tripods and accessories. The Zeiss employee also mentions the use of certain Zeiss lenses that provide him with even more incredible resolution figures but these lenses are actually microscope lenses that are no longer available for sale and even when they were they were not commonly used lenses for regular photography. Again another situation that bares little relation to real world photography. Laboratory shooting results in which no winds are present and hundred pound tripods and heads being used are useless and should not be used to represent the prowess of a lens or its lineup. Hundreds of line pairs per mm indeed and I should imagine most other major lens makers’ products should also fare as well given the same controlled and contrived shooting environments.
After using the Bronica kit for two years and learning of its weaknesses and strengths would I do it again? Yes and no. Yes I would certainly be happy to buy another Bronica again but the second time around might see me go for my first desire, the 6x7 GS-1 kit over the 6x6 SQ-Ai. I do crop my 6x6 chromes and negatives often after scanning to accommodate the 8x10 standard print size so that effectively leaves me with a 645 format image and I’d rather have the much larger 6x7 size frame to work with when printing for higher quality. But going with a GS-1 would mean not having access to as many lenses and accessories as the SQ-Ai enjoys and that is something to think about. Any regrets with the SQ-Ai, only one and it has nothing to do with Bronica. I’m still kicking myself for spending $400 CAN on the Brightscreen focusing screen. This represents one of the biggest wastes of money I’ve flushed down the toilet during my four years of serious enthusiast-oriented photography. I would have preferred to spent it on the one item that Brightscreen does make of value, their Accurfocus prism magnifier adapter or barring that perhaps the SQ-i 45 degree prism or just about anything else except for a third party focusing screen. Worthless as I found no increase in focusing ability over the standard $60 CAN Bronica focusing screen but keep in mind this opinion is relevant for MY EYES only.
An early version of this review is available for reading on Philip Greenspun's Photonet site and on Focal Fix Online. Link to Bronica/Tamron Japan and Bronica/Tamron USA Reader's comment:
Thanks for the detailed accounting of your experience with the Bronica system, always good to hear from others who enjoy using it and the results it provides. I was not so certain that the Zenzanon lenses were fully the equal of the Zeiss lenses, so I'm glad you clarified that with your own first hand experience. Bronica prices are definitely a bargain compared to their value in the US for us in Canada, unfortunately for some though, the medium format market seems to have crashed and a large loss of value results if trying to sell the kit from even a couple of years ago. The notion of increased plastic content possibly causing static charge marks is just another nail in the plastic coffin. I'm not sure if you gone through other reviews and articles, but I make no bones about my distaste for things plastic. |
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Correspondence & About this website Copyright © 1998-2008 Edwin Leong |
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The
Bronica SQ-Ai body is a system-oriented camera based upon the classic
Hasselblad model. Meaning that you start with a squarish box that
contains a mirror assembly and a few control dials and switches on
the exterior. And, oh yes, you also get a film winding crank for your
$1100 US. You must of course add a viewing device such as a waist
level or prism finder, a film back and a lens in order to begin the
picture taking experience with the Bronica. All of which will cost
you $2500 at B&H Photo for the basic kit (waist level finder option). 
On
the other side of the SQ-Ai body are more controls and inputs for
accessories. The shutter speed dial is situated at the top, middle
edge of the body and ranges from 1/500 to 16 seconds with Bulb mode.
These shutter speeds are in full stop steps. In front of the shutter
speed dial is a release lever for changing lenses and to the rear
of the shutter dial is a battery check button which will light up
a red LED in the viewfinder to confirm battery juice is still good.
This red light also confirms that the shutter has been released for
an exposure. The lower portion of this side of the body also sees
a threaded cable release socket which will work quite nicely with
any standard cable so no need to buy an expensive $50 Bronica cable
when your $10 one left over from your manual 35mm kit will do just
as well. This cable release socket will also work when the SQ-i motor
drive is attached, so again, no need to buy a special motor drive
cable release either. 
Since
I, like most other amateur photographers, came to medium format from
35mm, I became spoiled by the ease of use of the smaller format. My
Nikon F90x is not exactly the last word for state of the art in the
world of 35mm but it is imminently functional and goes about its duty
in workmanlike manner. The motor drive and autofocus are fast enough
for most of my needs and of course the flash capabilities allowed
me to become a moron when it came time to do flash photography. 35mm
is all about convenience and I knew that moving up to 6x6 medium format
would entail a bit of a learning curve for me to fully appreciate
the virtues of the larger format.
The
first time I looked down at a waist level finder I hated it. The reversed
left/right image was awkward to get use to and given my penchant for
buying more then I really need, I decided that I would add a metered
prism to the SQ-Ai kit. I still bought the waist level finder because
the 3.6X popup magnifier is too good to pass up for getting critical
focus. I have since come to enjoy the virtues of the waist level finder
and find it indispensable for much of my shooting with the SQ-Ai.
But while I got use to the waist level finder, I had the top metered
prism available from Bronica for the SQ-Ai body, the SQ-i AE Prism
or AE III as it known in Canada. The SQ-Ai also has five other viewfinder
options besides the top SQ-i Prism Finder. These five others are an
older 90 degree metered ME Prism; a 90 degree non-metered prism; a
45 degree non-metered prism; a top viewing MF finder with built-in
meter for critical close-up work; and the standard waist level finder.
There
are several film backs available for the SQ-Ai. The standard 6x6 for
120 and 220 lengths as well as two non-rotating 645 format backs for
120 and 220 lengths that will provide 15 and 30 exposures respectively.
Two 35mm format backs are also available, one for standard sized 35mm
exposures and one for 24mm x 54mm panoramas. A Polaroid back rounds
out the film back options for the SQ-Ai.
The
insert has a film-winding crank on the lower right side. On the top
right side of the insert is an additive film counter that counts up
from 1 to 12 or 24. To load film, there are two spool holders that
have pop out latch doors on the left side of the insert to allow the
film spools to be placed in position. The film spool is placed on
the top carrier and then the film is pulled over a roller on the top
of the insert and then down over another roller and then onto the
take up spool. 
At
various points of Bronica’s existence there have been several lens
makers for their 6x6 bodies with Nikon and Schneider being the two
most notable quality manufacturers. Sadly though, neither produces
lenses for Bronica bodies anymore. Users of the smaller ETRS bodies
can still pick up new old stock Schneider zoom lenses in some stores
but there is nothing available for the SQ line of bodies. Although
two more high quality lens makers would be nice to choose from, something
Rollei users enjoy with Zeiss and Schneider lenses; it should not
be lamented too greatly. 
The
SQ-Ai body and the style of photography it entails took some getting
use to for me, as I was a 35mm AF user prior to buying into medium
format. When I first started shooting with it, I found it amazing
that professional wedding photographers could shoot a high percentage
of usable images with such kits during candid moments. Of course I
later found out that anticipation is much of the battle and like good
sports photographers, you have to anticipate where and how the action
is going to follow and pre-focus your next shot. Even so, I find it
a frustrating enough process that I generally don’t try to do action
or flowing styles of photography with the SQ-Ai.
In
the meantime I bought Brightscreen’s custom Proscreen to replace the
original Bronica focusing screen. Brightscreen claims an increase
in light transmittance to be 1½ stops more then the original
screen but more importantly the custom screen supposedly increases
the contrast to allow for better focusing in low light or with wide
angle lenses. The screen I bought also has a larger then normal microprism/split
screen circle and has very well defined horizontal and vertical outlines
for 8x10 cropping in-screen. Does it work as advertised? 
As
much as I like my SQ-Ai and the Bronica system in general there are
some concerns and general comments I have to make.
Bronica
has a long history in the world of medium format. It has had some
firsts in some of its old designs such as an electronically controlled
shutter as well as a few innovative if head scratching ideas like
the EC/EC-TL’s split mirror hung with "fish-line". Some of its old
bodies can be considered classic such as the S2/S2A that preceded
the SQ designs. But for the most part Bronica seems to be the also
ran to Hasselblad. That’s a shame as it is a fine system even with
some of my caveats; things that it shares with most of its competitors.
Conclusion
